Evaluating the Benefits of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation and Mat Pilates in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Comparative Study
Keywords:
Knee Osteoarthritis, Mat Pilates, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, Physiotherapy, Pain Management, Functional Improvement, WOMAC, VASAbstract
Background:Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a progressive and degenerative joint condition that significantly impacts the mobility, independence, and overall quality of life of affected individuals. Characterized by joint pain, stiffness, and functional impairment, KOA is especially prevalent in older adults and poses a growing public health concern due to aging populations and sedentary lifestyles. As surgical options are often reserved for advanced cases, conservative physiotherapeutic approaches play a crucial role in early-stage management. Exercise-based interventions, particularly those targeting neuromuscular control and joint stabilization, are increasingly recognized for their ability to alleviate symptoms and restore functional capacity without the adverse effects of long-term medication use.
Objective:This study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) and Mat Pilates in reducing pain and enhancing functional performance in individuals with knee osteoarthritis.
Methods:A total of 40 participants clinically diagnosed with Grade 2 or 3 KOA were enrolled and divided equally into two intervention groups. Group A received PNF exercises in combination with standard physiotherapy, while Group B underwent Mat Pilates exercises alongside physiotherapy. Both groups completed three sessions per week for four consecutive weeks. Pain and physical function were evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) before and after the intervention.
Results:Statistical analysis revealed significant improvements in both groups across pain and function parameters (p < 0.001). However, the Mat Pilates group demonstrated a more substantial reduction in pain (mean change: -2.35 vs. -1.50; p = 0.028) and greater functional improvement (mean change in WOMAC: -7.45 vs. -1.75; p = 0.001) compared to the PNF group.
Conclusion:Both interventions were effective in managing KOA symptoms, but Mat Pilates yielded more favorable outcomes in terms of pain relief and functional enhancement. Its focus on core strengthening, postural control, and coordinated movement likely contributed to its superior performance. Mat Pilates may therefore be considered a more effective and consistent physiotherapeutic option in the conservative treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
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