Anatomical Insights into the Caudate Lobe: Morphological Diversity and Clinical Relevance from a Cadaveric Perspective
Keywords:
Caudate lobe, Morphometry, Hepatic anatomy, Harbin’s Index, Liver morphologyAbstract
Background: The liver, the largest gland of the human body, exhibits significant morphological diversity, especially in its caudate lobe (CL). Due to its independent vascularization and biliary drainage, the CL functions as a distinct anatomical unit, often termed the “third liver.” Variations in its morphology and dimensions are clinically significant in hepatic surgery, radiology, and transplantation.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 48 formalin-preserved adult human liver specimens obtained from the Department of Anatomy, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi. Each liver was examined for caudate lobe morphology, including shape, fissures, and notches. Morphometric parameters—transverse and vertical diameters of both caudate and right lobes—were measured using a digital vernier calliper, and the caudate-to-right lobe ratio (Harbin’s Index) was calculated.
Results: The caudate lobe was present in all specimens, with pyriform shape being the most common (67%), followed by rectangular (25%) and irregular (8%). Notches were observed in 38% and vertical fissures in 25% of specimens. The mean transverse and vertical dimensions of the caudate lobe were 30.2 ± 4.8 mm and 57.5 ± 5.3 mm, respectively, with a mean caudate-to-right lobe ratio of 0.14.
Conclusion: The observed morphological diversity and morphometric parameters of the caudate lobe provide vital reference data for surgical and radiological applications. Understanding these variations enhances accuracy in hepatic imaging and surgical interventions, aiding in the diagnosis of caudate lobe hypertrophy and cirrhotic changes..
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